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Mud circulation system

Aug 27, 2025

 
In the field of modern engineering construction, the in-depth exploration of oil drilling, the stable construction of building pile foundations, and the efficient advancement of tunnel shield machines all rely on the support of a key system - the mud circulation system. It is like the "blood circulation system" of engineering equipment, not only shouldering the core mission of slurry transportation and recycling, but also achieving precise regulation of slurry performance, prevention and control of construction safety risks, and upgrading of environmental benefits through a dynamic circulation mechanism, thus becoming an important cornerstone for the efficient implementation of various projects.
 
A complete mud circulation system mainly consists of vibrating screens, vacuum degasser, desander, desilter, horizontal screw centrifuge, mud tank, pump set and other components. All parts operate in coordination to form a closed-loop operation process. ​



During the construction process, the circulating pump first precisely conveys the slurry that has been prepared in advance according to geological requirements to the working surface through high-strength pipelines - whether it is the bottom of a thousand-meter well in an oil drilling rig, the deep hole inside a building pile foundation, or the face of a tunnel shield. Mud accomplishes key tasks at the working face: forming mud cakes for retaining walls in oil drilling, stabilizing the hole diameter in building pile foundations, supporting the working face during tunnel shield operations, and also cooling construction equipment and carrying rock cuttings and impurities. ​

After the operation is completed, the waste mud carrying a large amount of rock debris will be pumped back to the ground and enter multi-stage purification equipment for treatment. After going through multiple processes such as sand removal, mud removal and dehydration, the sand content and impurity content in the waste slurry will be significantly reduced, meeting the standards for reuse. Ultimately, the purified slurry is re-transported to the operation surface, forming a complete closed loop of "transportation - operation - recycling - purification - reuse", completely breaking the traditional drawback of "one-time use" of slurry, significantly improving the utilization rate of slurry and reducing the cost of engineering consumables.




 

In the field of oil drilling, especially in the exploration and construction of deep and ultra-deep Wells, the performance of the mud circulation system directly affects the drilling efficiency and safety. On the one hand, the mud continuously conveyed by the system will form a uniform and tough mud cake on the wellbore wall, effectively balancing the formation pressure and fundamentally reducing the occurrence of major safety accidents such as wellbore collapse and blowout. On the other hand, the circulating mud can promptly carry away the cuttings produced by the drill bit cutting at the bottom of the well, avoiding the problem of stuck drill caused by the accumulation of cuttings. At the same time, it cools down the high-speed rotating drill bit and extends the service life of the equipment.
 
In the field of construction engineering, mud circulation systems are also indispensable in key construction links such as bridge pile foundations and high-rise building foundations, as well as in trenchless engineering. If the waste slurry in traditional construction is directly discharged, it will not only pollute the surrounding soil and groundwater, but also increase the cost of slurry procurement. With the purification function of the mud circulation system, the purified mud can be reused for drilling wall protection, which not only avoids environmental pollution but also saves the cost of mud procurement.





In the future, under the further promotion of the green construction concept, the mud circulation system will pay more attention to resource recycling and environmental protection. On the one hand, the purification technology of the system will be continuously upgraded to achieve more efficient recycling and utilization of slurry and reduce resource waste. On the other hand, more environmentally friendly designs will be integrated, such as reducing the noise of equipment operation and minimizing the impact of additives on the environment, to help various projects achieve the dual goals of efficient construction and green environmental protection, providing a more solid guarantee for the high-quality construction of projects such as oil drilling, building pile foundation, tunnel shield, and trenchless technology.