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The application of mud circulation systems

Aug 14, 2025

In the field of geotechnical drilling and resource exploration, the mud circulation system is like the "dynamic blood vessels" of the engineering body.
Through a continuous process of transportation-purification-regeneration, it provides a core guarantee for construction safety and efficiency.
This closed-loop system, composed of mud tanks, pumping units, pipeline networks and purification devices, has become the infrastructure for key projects such as oil and gas development, geological surveys and underground space construction.


 
The essence of system operation lies in maintaining the dynamic balance of fluids. The high-pressure pump takes mud from the mud tank and pressurizes it through pipelines to the front end of the drilling tool.
The return slurry carrying drilling debris ascends along the annular space to the surface.
After passing through purification units such as vibrating screens, desanders, desilters, and centrifuges to remove solid phases, the clean slurry is re-fed into the storage tank.
This closed-loop mode not only stabilizes the mechanical environment of the wellbore but also significantly enhances the utilization rate of mud materials.
Compared with the non-loop operation mode, the consumption of mud can be reduced by more than half.

 


 

In the field of oil and gas drilling, the mud circulation system is the safety cornerstone of deep operations. For the construction of horizontal Wells over 3,000 meters long, facing the challenges of high-pressure formations and complex lithology, the mud circulation system can effectively counteract formation pressure and eliminate the risk of well surge out of control by precisely regulating the mud density.
In geological exploration, the mud circulation system serves as the carrier for transmitting stratum information. In the drilling of metal ore cores, circulating mud serves three functions: cooling the drill bit, lubricating the drill string and transporting rock powder. The cuttings samples it carries are important media for analyzing the characteristics of strata.
 
In trenchless engineering construction, the mud circulation system needs to dynamically optimize the mud formula based on the characteristics of the stratum: low-resistance lubricating slurry is used for viscous soil layers, while for sandy soil layers, thickening and wall protection materials (such as sodium-based bentonite) are injected to strengthen the hole wall support.

 

In trenchless engineering construction, the mud circulation system needs to dynamically optimize the mud formula based on the characteristics of the stratum:
low-resistance lubricating slurry is used for viscous soil layers, while for sandy soil layers, thickening and wall protection materials (such as sodium-based bentonite) are injected to strengthen the hole wall support.
As engineering extends into extreme environments such as deep earth, deep sea and polar regions, the mud circulation system is undergoing an intelligent leap. The new generation of system integrates multi-source perception terminals and adaptive decision-making algorithms, which can diagnose the deterioration of mud performance in real time and independently optimize treatment parameters. In the future, this "engineering bloodline network" will continue to be upgraded, providing a solid fluid guarantee for humanity to expand the boundaries of engineering.